Headache, also known as cephalalgia, is a discomfort that can affect any part of the head, scalp, or neck. It can vary in intensity, duration, and cause, and at times interferes with the quality of life of those who suffer from it. Some common causes of headaches include tension, migraines, medication overuse, hormonal changes, or vision problems.
Some headaches do not represent a cause for alarm; however, there are certain symptoms that may indicate the need for a medical evaluation. For example, sudden and intense pain, changes in vision, weakness in the body, difficulty speaking, high fever accompanied by headache and neck stiffness, headaches that progressively worsen or are more frequent than usual, headaches after the age of 50, or in individuals with a history of cancer or immune system issues.
Treatment for headaches may vary depending on the cause. In mild cases or those associated with viral infections, pain relievers such as acetaminophen or anti-inflammatories may be taken. However, if headaches are recurrent or accompanied by concerning symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention for an accurate diagnosis.
According to Dr. Viviana Cantarutti, identifying triggering factors such as stress, lack of sleep, dehydration, or certain foods is essential in preventing and controlling headaches. Migraines, for example, typically affect one side of the head and present as a throbbing pain, accompanied by nausea, sensitivity to light and sound.
The Argentine Neurological Society states that more than 50% of Argentines suffer from headaches. There are two main types of headaches: primary, when they have no specific cause; and secondary, when they are a consequence of another disorder or condition. Among the most common primary headaches are tension headaches, related to stress and muscle tension, and cluster headaches, characterized by intense pain on one side of the head.
It is important to keep in mind that maintaining healthy habits such as a balanced diet, adequate hydration, regular exercise, and relaxation techniques can help reduce the frequency and intensity of headaches. In cases where the pain is recurrent or affects daily life, following a treatment under medical supervision is essential to improving quality of life and preventing complications.
