In a context of turbulent global times, Argentina faces a significant challenge in recovering its defensive capabilities. The Navy, particularly its submarine fleet, is in a state of relative vulnerability. Since the loss of the ARA San Juan in 2017, the country has been practically unarmed in its vast maritime domain of over 1.2 million square kilometers in the South Atlantic. Currently, the only available submarine, the ARA Salta, a 1970s-era vessel, is limited to training roles and cannot perform long-range patrols or combat operations. Experts warn that the service life of these used submarines could be limited, forcing the country to seek new solutions in a few years. To address this, two main paths are being considered: acquiring submarines from allies and developing national construction capabilities. In the short term, Italy has offered Argentina its Sauro-class or even more modern U212 submarines. This pragmatic solution would allow the Navy to quickly regain operational patrol and deterrence capabilities. However, this approach carries risks, such as dependence on foreign spare parts and technical support. In the long term, a sector of the Navy believes Argentina can build its own defense systems. This strategy aims not only to renew the fleet but also to strengthen the country's technological and productive capacities through the construction of submarines in national shipyards, potentially with partnerships from countries like France or Germany. The key challenge is to balance urgent needs with long-term plans, creating a comprehensive strategy for national security.
